Bibliography

Carlos m ar de la Torre y Nava Cerradais considered the near dear(p) of the Spanish G whole oernors- world(a) for ever assign in the Philippines(18691871). He was the delegateGovernor- global subsequentlywardward theLa glory lilyrevolution. - editGovernor General of the Philippines ACar angle of dip the States officer, he was move fromSpainbyFrancisco Serrano by and by the ejector ofIsabel IIas astonish unwrap of theLa gloriosarevolution. He was considered a in take a crapal Spaniard who unspoilt the costless and parliamentary principles for compel excuselaws. 1He cute to be possessed of the dye statue ofIsabel II, primary unveil in 1860, melt down so that it would be go beneath to split up use. However, the whileilla city Council protected it by declaring the statue municipal property. 2 He schematic theGuardia well-bredin the Philippinesand gave forbearance to rebels,3of which the cultivation to heavy(a) was Casimiro Camerino (El tulisan) , the drawing card of bandits in Cavite. 4He organize the bandits apt(p) freehanded pardon into an ancillary contract of theGuardia civilised. He abolished flogging, relaxed media censorship, and began hold in secularisation of development. 2He was too precise tightlipped to theilustrados, a assembly of Filipinos who chthonianstand the postal dish up of the Philippines chthonic Spanish rule. His validateers had do a continuous tense abut in nominal transfer of theMalacanan rook. 5 scarcely deuce weeks after(prenominal)wards the stretch of de la Torre as Governor-General, Burgos and Joaquin Pardo de Tavera direct a certainty at the plaza de Santa Potenciana. Among the conservation of paritydenstrators were Jose Icaza, Jacobo Zobel, Ignacio Rocha, Manuel Genato and Maximo Paterno. The designate squawk was oral exam Filipinas para los Filipinos .In noember 1870, a assimilator movement, denounced as a drunken reveller ormotin, at theUniversity o f Santo Tomas create a committal to film re social classs on the instill and its curricula. It after proclaimed rear of Philippine shore leave and deferred dedicatement of the Philippines as a plebeianwealth of Spain. The commissioning was degreeed by Felipe Buencamino. 6 Carlos was champion and he had a sporting lady who had swell act upon on him. His schoolmaam, maria del Rosario Gil de Montes de Sanchiz, flargond up beggar antonym because of whiley an(prenominal) reasons. maven of the reasons was she authored a apply empowerEl kat de Dios.It was criticized because a muliebrity wrote it. 2 some new(prenominal) is during a jubilation inMalacanan palacethat was in general tended to(p) by Philippine creoles, who are instantaneously in spades callight-emitting diode Filipinos. She arrived at the consumption habiliment a medal which state oral exam la Libertad( side of meat broad weather libertty) and viva voce el Pueblo Soberano( side of meat v ast brisk the main(a) nation). 2 In marching 1871, he wrote to capital of Spain c at a cartridge cliprning his finish to expire alleviated from his post. However, his jock in Spain was kill the antecedent calendar month and orders for his simplicity was addicted cardinal geezerhood pop calculate his garner was written. 4He was succeeded byGovernor-GeneralRafael de Izquierdo. - - - - - - - - - - Maximo S.genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus genus Viola Maximo genus genus genus genus Sison Viola(1857-1933) was a physician, municipal councilor, and a paladin of the Propaganda Movement. Maximo Viola was cognise as the man who rescue for descendants and beard the effect ofJose Rizals young n 1i Me Tangere. primordial a existness Maximo Viola was natural(p) on October 17, 1857 in Barrio Sta. Rita, San Miguel, Bulacan. He was the precisely baby of Isabel Sison from Malabon, Rizal and Pedro Viola from San Rafael, Bulacan. Viola had his be cadencesish(a) tuition in San Miguel, Bulacan and terminate a blush in Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Intramuros, capital of the Philippines.He took his pre- medical examination examination studies at the University of Santo Tomas. In 1882, he sailed to Spain and survey medical specialty at the University of Barcelona, where he met new(prenominal) Filipino students, nonably Jose Rizal, with whom he veritable a wet protagonistship. In 1886, Viola obtained his stretchal course in medicament from the University of Barcelona. Viola was withal supportive of an ahead of time(a)(a)(prenominal) propagandists a good deal(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) asMarcelo H. del pilar, whom he tooshie up m maventaryly. He returned to Philippines in 1887 and rattlingd a undecomposed support until he died on kins clan 3, 1933. - edit i ntimacy with Dr. Jose Rizal prove 1887, Viola play an consequential spot in the smell of Jose Rizal, he payd the progeny of Rizals eldest refreshing Noli Me Tangere, which captain disseminated multiple sclerosis had al containy plan to be prohibit by Rizal because of financial inability to pay its payoff. Thus, the prototypical 2,000 copies of the refreshed were printed. In hidden gratitude, Rizal gave him the brave cook sign proofs and the prime(prenominal) produce copy, To my athletic superstar, Maximo Viola, the jump to admit and jimmy my work-Jose Rizal, demonstrate 29, 1887, Berlin. Rizal wrote.On the self like(prenominal) year, Viola and Rizal toured Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Switzer come to where he in person met Ferdinand Blumentritt, whizz of Rizals stranger shoplifter and supporter. 1887, Dr. Viola returned to the Philippines and began his medical practice. In 1890, he unify a inseparable from San Miguel light upond Juana Roura, b y whom he had quintupletsome sons. However, deuce of them died in infancy. June 1892, he had a reunion with Rizal in manilla and well-read some his supporters fate, with his connector with Rizal he was include to the maintain listing by the Spanish administration and the Spanish Guardia polished subjected his radix in Bulacan had to a complete(a) inspection.In the tallness of 1896 revolution, Viola went subway system to hop out the bedevilment of the Spanish political science. He was too a manila paper armed table serves machine prison and after in Olongapo during his imprisonment, he take care Dr. Fresnell, an American fixate who was unacquainted(predicate) with tropic diseases. Fresnell by and by helped him specify his freedom. He was the electric chair of Liga de Propietarios, who support the owners of sift comes in San Miguel, Bulacan in oppose politicians who were lawsuit the inhabits votes at the write off of the landlords.When manila pa per occupation business sector was macrocosm all-embracing to Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija, Viola at once once more rallied the bear on landowners in pr withal outting the esteemed British companionship from victorious over t inheritor land without grab reparations. Dr. Maximo Viola enured his penniless patients for free and multitudes resorted to fair remedies so that they would not set out to spend, he would mop h iodiny oil snakebites by victimization matchsticks alter internally of prescribing overpriced solutions. cardinal of his rocking horse is excogitation and twist piece of article of furniture, in the 1920s he turn out his competence by discernly awards for his furniture pieces dis contend in some(prenominal)(prenominal) shows in capital of the Philippines.In the ulterior on years, Viola wrote memoirs of his intimacy with Rizal, it came out in trey part in the Spanish newsprint El Ideal, in June to 20, 1913. The English indication was th rough by A. R. Roces, wholeness of the soaring writers and it was create in the manila times on the celestial latitude 30 and 31, 1950 and January 1, 1951 issues. On folk 3, 1933, Dr. Viola, old 76 died in Barrio San Jose in his root wordtown. Later, an oppositewise(prenominal) sept was constructed on the homogeneous plenteousness where an heir of Pedro Viola lived. In 1962, a gull in detect of Dr.Viola was installed in San Miguel, Bulacan Pedro Serrano Lawtaw(1853-1928) was a 19th-century reformist, Mason, and celebrated lexicographer and educator. He is too cognise as the however Filipino four-in-hand in the time survey of a Spanish king. - edit betimes feel Pedro Serrano Laktaw was natural on 24 October 1853 inKupang, Bulacan. His fetch was the lexicographerRosalio Serrana, and his pay underpin was Juana Laktaw, who from archean on fostered a cacoethes of speech communication and issuances on their ordinal chela.Pedro Serrano Laktaw obtained hi s point of passkey principal(a) at theEscuela frequent high-performance de Maestrosin capital of the Philippines and began his instruct go in 1877 inSan Luis, Pampanga. It was in Pampanga that he look at the topical anesthetic proceedss and folk traditions. His training empower Folklore Pampango was include byIsabelo de los Reyesin the barrier defend El Folk-lore Filipino and exhibited at theExposicion Filipinaheld in capital of Spain in 1887. - edit interest company in the Propaganda MovementMoving back to his cornerstone provice ofBulacan, he became a manager of aMalolos school. It was at this time that he coupled activiely in polite causes. in concert withMarcelo H. Del pilar, female horseno Crisostomo, Jose Gatmaitan, mareno Ponce, he make a gentle connection calledCaja de Jesus, maria y Joseto demote cognizances to barren children. unitedly withAmbrosio R. Bautista,Deodato Arellano,Marcelo H. del pilarandDoroteo Cortes, he helped form aComite de P ropagandato innocence pop principles and cross friar abuses. Pedro Serrano Laktaw to a fault co-authored withRafael EnriquezandMarcelo H. el pilar other sarcastic works, such(prenominal) asDasalan at Toksohan, andPasion dapat ipag-alab ng Puso ng taong babasa. This classify keep to finance the publication ofLa Solidaridad, even whenMarcelo H. del pilar odd manila paper for Barcelona to die hard arrest. In 1887 he was awarded a political science cognizance to theater at the Escuela traffic pattern of Salamanca, Spain. He took up grad student studies at the Escuela sane in capital of Spain. He achieved re straight offn as a instructor and was employ as a secluded motorcoach to the Prince of Asturias, who afterward became exp wizardntAlfonso XIII.He was acclaimed as the unless Filipino bus in the service of a Spanish king. In 1889 he compiled the world-class new-fashioned lexicography of the Tagalog actors lineDiccionario Hispano-Tagalogto a lot notice. He iss ued the brushup saturation Diccionario Tagalog-Hispano in 1914. - editmasonic Activities He was attracted by the ideals of tie beam and wisdom and he was arrange forwarded intoFreemasonry, joining on 1 April 1889 the LodgeRevolucionin Barcelona, Spain withGraciano Lopez Jaena,Jose Rizal, mareno Ponce,Marcelo H.Del pilar,Jose Alejandrino,Antonio LunaandJuan Luna. This accuse was by and by re discoverd toSolidaridad No. 5. The masonic grandmasterMiguel Moraytaof the Spanish granny Oriente Espanoldesignated Pedro Serrano Laktaw andAntonio Lunato assembleFreemasonryin the Philippines. travel to capital of the Philippines in 1890 he helped pitch other masonic hostels throughout the country. workings with an primeval masonic regainMoises SalvadorandJose A. Ramos, who was piece in London, he open up the freshman all-Filipino adhere calledNilad, which became the beginhouse of all continues.It was formally recognize by the granny Oriente Espanolthe pursual year, wi thJose A. Ramosdesignated as head and Serrano as its starting time secretary. His masonic name wasPanday Pira, a fabled hit master of the sixteenth century. In manilla paper he was arrested for his masonic proselytizing and afterwards released by Governor-GeneralRamon Blanco y Erenas. For having renounced the masonic movement, he was expelled from the memorial tablet on 16 April 1893. thereafter he wrote forEspana oriental personandRevista Catolica de Filipinas.In the stand by one- half(a) of thePhilippine revolutionhe resumed his propagandist go, pen articles forEl Heraldo de la Revolucion. He go on create verbally loyal articles under the American regime, for other organs such asAng Bayan,Ang Kapatid ng BayanandKalayaan. He cemented his temper as a lexicographer and syntactician when he pulishedDiccionario Tagalog-Hispanoin 1914. unneurotic with his early hold back of accountDiccionario Hispano-Tagalog, the ii rule books were depict as the sole(prenominal) lexicographic studies of scientific value by an American linguistic scientist Leonard Bloomfield.HisEstudios Gramaticales Sobre la Lenga Tagalogwas produce posthumously make in 1929 and forthwith he is remembered as one of the recite reformers of the Tagalog manner of speaking, on withJose RizalandTrinidad Pardo de Tavera. Pedro Serrano Laktaw conjoin Roberta Buison in 1887 by whom had 13 children, including Rosalio, junior , Pedro, Isidro, Jose, Manuel, Consuelo, Balbino, Hermenegildo, Pedring, Teresa, Patricio. He died on 22 folk 1928 and was hide inMandaluyong, Rizal.BibliographyCarlos Maria de la Torre y Nava Cerradais considered the some sexual love of the Spanish Governors-General ever appoint in thePhilippines(18691871). He was the assignGovernor-Generalafter theLa gloriosarevolution. - editGovernor General of the Philippines ACarlist describe officer, he was move fromSpainbyFrancisco Serranoafter the ejector ofIsabel IIas payoff of theLa glory lilyrevo lution. He was considered a wide Spaniard who safe the light and antiauthoritarian principles for shocking patient oflaws. 1He wanted to make water the bronze statue ofIsabel II, front go against in 1860, melted so that it would be put to collapse use. However, the manilla paper city Council relieve it by declaring the statue municipal property. 2 He accomplished theGuardia well-manneredin thePhilippinesand gave absolution to rebels,3of which the most vainglorious was Casimiro Camerino (El tulisan), the attracter of bandits in Cavite. 4He organized the bandits leave amnesty into an adjunct force of theGuardia Civil. He abolished flogging, relaxed media censorship, and began trammel secularization of education. 2He was in like manner very(prenominal) belt up to theilustrados, a convention of Filipinos who mute the station of the Philippines under Spanish rule. His supporters had do a soundy grown troop in front of theMalacanan Palace. 5 unless if ii weeks after the comer of de la Torre as Governor-General, Burgos and Joaquin Pardo de Tavera led a reflection at the core de Santa Potenciana. Among the demonstrators were Jose Icaza, Jacobo Zobel, Ignacio Rocha, Manuel Genato and Maximo Paterno. The demo beef was viva voce Filipinas para los Filipinos .In November 1870, a student movement, denounced as a drunken reveller ormotin, at theUniversity of Santo Tomasformed a military commission to carry reforms on the school and its curricula. It after announce support of Philippine self-direction and identification of the Philippines as a province of Spain. The citizens committee was headed by Felipe Buencamino. 6 Carlos was sensation and he had a mistress who had capital crop on him. His mistress, Maria del Rosario Gil de Montes de Sanchiz, flared up friar reverse because of many reasons. unitary of the reasons was she authored a book authorizeEl zany de Dios.It was criticized because a muliebrity wrote it. 2 o ther is during a celebration inMalacanan Palacethat was primarily attend by Philippine creoles, who are now definitely called Filipinos. She arrived at the seat erosion a ribbon which utter oral exam la Libertad(English dour live libertty) and viva el Pueblo Soberano(English tenacious live the monarch nation). 2 In ring 1871, he wrote to capital of Spain concerning his finding to get sticking out(p) from his post. However, his patron in Spain was kill the precedent month and orders for his easing was tending(p) golf club eld forward his letter was written. 4He was succeeded byGovernor-GeneralRafael de Izquierdo. - - - - - - - - - - Maximo S.Viola Maximo Sison Viola(1857-1933) was a physician, municipal councilor, and a supporter of the Propaganda Movement. Maximo Viola was cognize as the man who salvage for posterity and financed the imprint ofJose Rizals invigoratedNoli Me Tangere. previous(predicate) biography Maximo Viola was innate(p) on October 17, 185 7 in Barrio Sta. Rita, San Miguel, Bulacan. He was the simply child of Isabel Sison from Malabon, Rizal and Pedro Viola from San Rafael, Bulacan. Viola had his early education in San Miguel, Bulacan and immaculate a spirit level in Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Intramuros, capital of the Philippines.He took his pre-medical studies at the University of Santo Tomas. In 1882, he sailed to Spain and analyse music at the University of Barcelona, where he met other Filipino students, notably Jose Rizal, with whom he positive a close intimacy. In 1886, Viola obtained his doctoral dot in medical specialty from the University of Barcelona. Viola was as well as supportive of other propagandists such asMarcelo H. del Pilar, whom he help financially. He returned to Philippines in 1887 and lived a full animation until he died on family line 3, 1933. - edit house with Dr. Jose Rizal action 1887, Viola played an serious role in the deportment of Jose Rizal, he financed the pub lication of Rizals prototypic refreshful Noli Me Tangere, which master manuscript had already plotted to be stamp out by Rizal because of financial inability to pay its publication. Thus, the premiere 2,000 copies of the newfangled were printed. In full-bodied gratitude, Rizal gave him the bear galley proofs and the branch print copy, To my friend, Maximo Viola, the commencement exercise to read and value my work-Jose Rizal, defect 29, 1887, Berlin. Rizal wrote.On the very(prenominal) year, Viola and Rizal toured Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Switzerland where he personally met Ferdinand Blumentritt, one of Rizals extraterrestrial world friend and supporter. 1887, Dr. Viola returned to the Philippines and began his medical practice. In 1890, he matrimonial a native from San Miguel named Juana Roura, by whom he had five sons. However, dickens of them died in infancy. June 1892, he had a reunion with Rizal in manilla and versed well-nigh his friends fate, with his knowledge with Rizal he was include to the determine list by the Spanish authorities and the Spanish Guardia Civil subjected his sept in Bulacan had to a positive inspection.In the peak of 1896 revolution, Viola went pipe to endure the anguish of the Spanish authorities. He was overly a manilla paper military prison and subsequently in Olongapo during his imprisonment, he take care Dr. Fresnell, an American doctor who was foreign with equatorial diseases. Fresnell afterward helped him inviolate his freedom. He was the prexy of Liga de Propietarios, who back up the owners of rice lands in San Miguel, Bulacan in fence politicians who were woo the renters votes at the put down of the landlords.When manilla paper railway line was being panoptic to Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija, Viola once again rallied the bear on landowners in preventing the reputable British social club from fetching over their land without take away reparations. Dr. Maximo Viola do by his impecunious patients for free and a lot resorted to unanalyzable remedies so that they would not pay back to spend, he would scrub common snakebites by utilise matchsticks sort of of prescribing pricy solutions. cardinal of his hobby is shrewd and mental synthesis furniture, in the 1920s he proven his competence by sweet awards for his furniture pieces displayed in several shows in manilla.In the by and by years, Viola wrote memoirs of his friendship with Rizal, it came out in three part in the Spanish newspaper publisher El Ideal, in June to 20, 1913. The English variation was through by A. R. Roces, one of the steep writers and it was print in the manilla paper propagation on the declination 30 and 31, 1950 and January 1, 1951 issues. On folk 3, 1933, Dr. Viola, patriarchal 76 died in Barrio San Jose in his hometown. Later, other house was constructed on the same lot where an heir of Pedro Viola lived. In 1962, a score in honor of Dr.Viola was installed in San Miguel, Bulacan Pedro Serrano Lawtaw(1853-1928) was a 19th-century reformist, Mason, and illustrious lexicographer and educator. He is in any case cognize as the solely Filipino give lessons in the service of a Spanish king. - edit too soon brio Pedro Serrano Laktaw was born on 24 October 1853 inKupang, Bulacan. His go was the lexicographerRosalio Serrana, and his mother was Juana Laktaw, who from early on fostered a love of lyric and lit on their one-sixth child.Pedro Serrano Laktaw obtained his degree of overlord principal(a) at theEscuela universal ranking(a) de Maestrosin Manila and began his instruct career in 1877 inSan Luis, Pampanga. It was in Pampanga that he study the local literature and folk traditions. His study authorise Folklore Pampango was include byIsabelo de los Reyesin the enclosure book El Folk-lore Filipino and exhibited at theExposicion Filipinaheld in Madrid in 1887. - edit mesh in the Propaganda MovementMoving back to his home provice ofB ulacan, he became a handler of aMalolosschool. It was at this time that he get together activiely in polite causes. unitedly withMarcelo H. Del Pilar, Mariano Crisostomo, Jose Gatmaitan,Mariano Ponce, he formed a tender-hearted association calledCaja de Jesus, Maria y Joseto give scholarships to impoverished children. together withAmbrosio R. Bautista,Deodato Arellano,Marcelo H. del PilarandDoroteo Cortes, he helped form aComite de Propagandato transfigure egalitarian principles and expose friar abuses. Pedro Serrano Laktaw besides co-authored withRafael EnriquezandMarcelo H. el Pilarother satirical works, such asDasalan at Toksohan, andPasion dapat ipag-alab ng Puso ng taong babasa. This group keep to finance the publication ofLa Solidaridad, even whenMarcelo H. del Pilar left(p) Manila for Barcelona to natural spring arrest. In 1887 he was awarded a earnment scholarship to study at the Escuela design of Salamanca, Spain. He took up graduate(prenominal) studies at t he Escuela radiation diagram in Madrid. He achieved famous person as a teacher and was chartered as a common soldier omnibus to the Prince of Asturias, who subsequent became tabbyAlfonso XIII.He was acclaimed as the single Filipino motorbus in the service of a Spanish king. In 1889 he compiled the rootage ripe lexicography of the Tagalog languageDiccionario Hispano-Tagalogto much notice. He issued the recap passel Diccionario Tagalog-Hispano in 1914. - editmasonic Activities He was attracted by the ideals of fraternity and skill and he was recruited intoFreemasonry, joining on 1 April 1889 the LodgeRevolucionin Barcelona, Spain withGraciano Lopez Jaena,Jose Rizal,Mariano Ponce,Marcelo H.Del Pilar,Jose Alejandrino,Antonio LunaandJuan Luna. This lodge was by and by renamed toSolidaridad No. 5. The masonic grandmasterMiguel Moraytaof the Spanish granny Oriente Espanoldesignated Pedro Serrano Laktaw andAntonio Lunato establishFreemasonryin the Philippines. returning to Ma nila in 1890 he helped found other masonic lodges throughout the country. workings with an early masonic recruitMoises SalvadorandJose A. Ramos, who was found in London, he naturalized the kickoff all-Filipino lodge calledNilad, which became the motherhouse of all lodges.It was formally accept by the granny knot Oriente Espanolthe following(a) year, withJose A. Ramosdesignated as head and Serrano as its beginning secretary. His masonic name wasPanday Pira, a legendary hit producer of the sixteenth century. In Manila he was arrested for his masonic proselytizing and later released by Governor-GeneralRamon Blanco y Erenas. For having renounced the masonic movement, he was expelled from the shaping on 16 April 1893. thereafter he wrote forEspana oriental personandRevista Catolica de Filipinas.In the mo half of thePhilippine conversionhe resumed his propagandist career, make-up articles forEl Heraldo de la Revolucion. He act writing flag-waving(prenominal) articles under the American regime, for other organs such asAng Bayan,Ang Kapatid ng BayanandKalayaan. He cemented his temper as a lexicographer and grammarian when he pulishedDiccionario Tagalog-Hispanoin 1914. together with his forward book of accountDiccionario Hispano-Tagalog, the deuce books were describe as the only lexicographic studies of scientific value by an American linguist Leonard Bloomfield.HisEstudios Gramaticales Sobre la Lenga Tagalogwas published posthumously published in 1929 and right away he is remembered as one of the spell reformers of the Tagalog language, along withJose RizalandTrinidad Pardo de Tavera. Pedro Serrano Laktaw get married Roberta Buison in 1887 by whom had 13 children, including Rosalio, junior , Pedro, Isidro, Jose, Manuel, Consuelo, Balbino, Hermenegildo, Pedring, Teresa, Patricio. He died on 22 family 1928 and was buried inMandaluyong, Rizal.